靠山kàoshān · 고산 · cao sơn
backing mountain
The landform behind the home, which provides 'support' like the back of a chair. A solid, proportional rear hill or rise stabilizes qi flow — the foundational positive of Form-school Feng Shui.
明堂míngtáng · 명당 · minh đường
bright hall
The open space in front of the home where qi gathers before entering. A wide, level, unobstructed bright hall (a park, plaza, or distant horizon) lets favorable energy collect and settle — a premium classical condition.
玄武xuán wǔ · 현무 · huyền vũ
Black Tortoise (rear)
The classical 'rear-guardian' direction. A strong Black Tortoise — backing landform behind the home — anchors qi and represents stability and protection.
朱雀zhū què · 주작 · chu tước
Vermillion Bird (front)
The classical 'front-receiving' direction. A balanced Vermillion Bird — the open space and approach in front — receives qi without being either obstructed or attacked.
青龍qīng lóng · 청룡 · thanh long
Azure Dragon (left flank)
The classical 'left-flank guardian'. A strong Azure Dragon — protective landform on the home's left side — represents masculine yang energy, action, and growth.
白虎bái hǔ · 백호 · bạch hổ
White Tiger (right flank)
The classical 'right-flank guardian'. A balanced White Tiger — landform on the home's right side that supports without dominating — represents yin energy, receptivity, and refinement.
四象sì xiàng · 사상 · tứ tượng
Four Animals harmony
The classical 'armchair' formation: Black Tortoise behind, Vermillion Bird in front, Azure Dragon left, White Tiger right — all in proportion. The most prized landform configuration.
環抱水huánbào shuǐ · 환포수 · hồi cung thủy
embracing water
Water (lake, river, pond) that curves toward the home in a 'embracing' arc rather than fleeing past or piercing toward the door. Embracing water gathers wealth-supportive qi at the front of the home.
路冲lù chōng · 노충 · đường xung
road attack (T-junction)
A road or path that aims directly at the home's front door (most often a T-junction dead-end). Classical 'sha' — sends concentrated, hostile qi straight at the entrance. Major Form-school concern.
穿堂煞chuān táng shà · 천당살 · xuyên đường sát
piercing-hall sha
When the front door, back door (or large back window), and a clear interior corridor are all aligned — qi enters the front and exits the back without circulating. Treats the home like a tunnel rather than a settled space.